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Politicians Serve The Cartoonists Only All The Time |
Sunday, April 22, 2012
पूरे समय कार्टूनिस्ट्स की ही सेवा करते हैं राजनेता! Bhaskar News(22/04/12)
पूरे समय कार्टूनिस्ट्स की ही सेवा करते हैं राजनेता!Source: Bhaskar News | Last Updated 02:40(22/04/12)आर्टिकलजयपुर.भारत कार्टूनिस्ट्स के लिए स्वर्ग है, क्योंकि यहां के राजनेता पूरे समय कार्टूनिस्ट्स की ही सेवा करते हैं, यह कहना है देश के जाने-माने व्यंग्य चित्रकार सुधीर तैलंग का। यह बात उन्होंने शनिवार को उनके कृतित्व और व्यक्तित्व पर होटल राजपूताना शैरेटन में आयोजित टॉक शो में कही। हर रोज अपने व्यंग्य चित्रों के माध्यम से लोगों के दिलों को झकझोरने वाले सुधीर तैलंग कहते हैं कि उन्हें आज तक यह समझ में नहीं आया कि कार्टून बनते कैसे हैं?हर सुबह जब उठता हूं, तो दिमाग विचारों से पूरी तरह शून्य होता है, पता नहीं होता है कि आज क्या करना है? आठ-दस अखबार पढ़ने के बाद अचानक कोई आइडिया दिमाग में कौंधता है और बन जाता है कार्टून। तैलंग के व्यंग्य चित्रों से जुड़ी तीस वर्ष से भी अधिक यात्रा को एंकर सालेहा गाजी ने बड़े ही रोचक और नफीस अंदाज में जीवंत किया। कार्यक्रम का माहौल भी काफी जीवंत रहा। तैलंग की रोचक बातों ने इस दौरान लोगों को जमकर ठहाके भी लगवाए। यह आयोजन राजस्थान नेशनल फोरम की ओर सेकिया गया।इन बातों ने खूब हंसायासबसे कठिन काम लालू प्रसाद यादव का कार्टून बनाना है, क्योंकि जो खुद ही कार्टून हो, उसका कार्टून कैसे बनाएं? बचपन का सबसे बड़ा सपना सिनेमा हॉल का गेटकीपर बनना था, क्योंकि मेरी नजर में वह बहुत पावरफुल व्यक्ति था, जो एक दिन में फिल्मों के चार-चार शो देखता है। फिल्म देखने आने वालों को भी निर्देश देता है और इसके बाद तनख्वाह भी लेता है।बातों ही बातों में बनाए कार्टूनसुधीर ने कहा - व्यंग्य चित्र की इस यात्रा में उनके तीन सुपर हीरो रहे हैं। हीरो नंबर वन पीवी नरसिम्हा राव, हीरो नंबर दो लालकृष्ण आडवाणी और हीरो नंबर तीन लालू प्रसाद यादव। सुधीर ने मात्र चार मिनट की अवधि में वहां लगे बोर्ड पर पीवी नरसिम्हा राव का व्यंग्य चित्र बना दिया। उन्होंने लालकृष्ण आडवाणी का भी व्यंग्य चित्र बनाया।Ads by GoogleInternational Air Tickets
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Laughing At Despair |
LAUGHING AT DESPAIR
(SUNDAY MAGAZINE)
THE HINDUSTAN TIMES 1997
(HERE AND NOW)
A COLLECTION OF CARTOONS BY SUDHIR TAILANG
AMBIENCE PUBLISHING HOUSE,
A-23,MAYAPURI-II.NEW DELHI
RS 250 (HARD COVER),RS 150(PAPERBACK)
BY SUNEET CHOPRA
THE CARTOON IS PERHAPS ONE OF THE MOST SERIOUS FORMS OF ART.IT IS THE EXPRESSION OF THOSE SENSITIVE BEINGS WHO CANNOT HOLD BACK THEIR TEARS IN A TIME OF CRISIS AND CHOOSE TO LAUGH INSTEAD,INDIA HAS HAD A GOOD CROP OF CARTOONISTS WHO ARE ARTISTS QUALITY,LIKE GAGANENDRANATH TAGORE,SHANKER PILLAI,R.K.LAXMAN,MARIO MIRANDA,UNNY AND NOW SUDHIR TAILANG.SO ONE WOULD HAVE EXPECTED A GOOD APPRECIATION AND DOCUMENTATION OF CARTOONS.
THAT,HOWEVER,DID NOT HAPPEN,AS THE NEHRU ERA SPAWNED AN AGE OF DYNASTIC ILLUSIONS,PALACE INTRIGUES,A CENTRALIZATION OF POWER AS NEVER BEFORE AND THE CAPACITY TO MAKE EQUALLY DEVASTATING MISTAKES.IN SUCH A CONDITION A SENSE OF HUMOR HAD NO PLACE IN A WORLD OF SYCOPHANCY AND HYPERBOLE.
YET,LIFE REASSERTS ITSELF AT TIMES LIKE THESE IN STRANGE WAYS. RABINDRANATH LAMPOONED MUSSOLINI IN THE THIRTIES.GAGANENDRANATH MOCKED THE EMPIRE THAT PROMISED TO LAST FOR A THOUSAND YEARS BUT COLLAPSED IN LESS THAN THREE
DECADES OF HIS SAVAGE ATTACKS ON THEM.AND OUR PERIOD OF THE CIRCUS OF POUTING PIGEONS-FROM THE NEHRU-GANDHIS TO NARASIMHA RAO AND SSSSSSSESHAN -HAS ITS OWN CHRONICLER,SUDHIR TAILANG WHOSE BOOK "HERE AND NOW" IS MODESTLY TILTED,BUT OPENS SIGNIFICANT DOORS TO THE PAST AND FUTURE AS WELL.
HIS SENSITIVITY IS HIS STRONGEST WEAPON.HIS CARTOON OF MAHATMA GANDHI ON HIS SAMADHI WITH RAJIV GANDHI AND H.K.L BHAGAT LOOKING CURIOUSLY ALIKE IN DARK GLASSES,REMINDS ONE THAT FOR ALL THE IMAGE -PROJECTION.RAJIV GANDHI COULD NOT WASH AWAY THE STAINS OF THE DELHI RIOTS THAT FOLLOWED THE ASSISSINATION OF INDIRA GANDHI.INDIRA AND HER SUCCESSORS HAD INFACT RADICALLY ALTERED THE FACE OF POLITICS FROM THE DAYS OF THE NATIONAL MOVEMENT.THIS TAILANG CONFRONTS US VISUALLY.
HOWEVER IN HIS VISUAL OF THE 1989 ELECTIONS,WITH RAJIV GANDHI HOLDING THE STAND OF THE TROPHY,ADVANI THE BASE,V.P.SINGH THE CUP AND JYOTI BASU ITS COVER,AFTER THE 1989 ELECTIONS WAS AN EARLY UNDERSTANDING OF THE COALITION THAT WERE TO FOLLOW.
EVERY GOOD ARTIST HAS HIS OWN WAY OF DEALING WITH SITUATION.TAILANG IS NO EXCEPTIION.HIS STRENGTH LIES IN HIS BEING ABLE TO MOCK OTHERS WITHOUT BEING VIETERPERATIVE.HIS STUDY OF NARSIMHA RAO DOING AN M.F.HUSSAIN LIKE VISARJAN ON THE BANK SCAM THROUGH THE JOINT PARLIAMENTARY COMMITTEE IS A COMMENT EQUALITY ON POLITICAL ATTEMPTS TO WHITEWASH CORRUPTION AS ON THEIR SOCIAL FALLOUT OF THEATRICAL SOCIETY WHERE APPEARANCES TAKE OVER FROM REALITY.
YET,IT IS TO HIS CREDIT THAT HE PINPOINTS THAT REALITY WITH CLARITY THAT IS CHARACTERISTIC OF HIM.HE PRICKS THE BJP'S GOEBELLSIAN CAMPAIGN TO PROJECT ITSELF AS A WINNER BY DRAWING A CHARIOT WHOSE HORSES HAVE FLED TO KHAJURAHO.TAILANG'S CARTOONS ARE JUST WHAT WE NEED TODAY.
THEY GIVE US AN INSIGHT INTO HARD TIMES BUT MAKE US LAUGH AT THE CHALLENGES WE MUST FACE UP TO AND NOT DESPAIR.
EVERY MEMBER OF PARLIAMENT SHOULD HAVE THESE CARTOONS --TO PLACE NEXT TO HUSSAIN'S TONGUE-IN-CHEEK VISUAL ACCOUNT OF HIS TIME SPENT IN THE RAJYA SABHA.THE REST OF US WILL GO TO THE BOOKSTORES THAT ARE LIKELY TO DO VERY WELL WITH THIS DELIGHTFULLY SPONTANEOUS SET OF LAUGHS. |
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Between Humour & Distortion |
BETWEEN HUMOUR AND DISTORTION
ART MAY 23/1997
THERE IS ONLY A THIN LINE DIVIDING A CARICATURE AND A POLITICIAN,SAYS CARTOONIST SUDHIR TAILANG WHOSE EXHIBITION IS NOW ON IN DELHI.GAYATRI SINHA WRITES.....
AS THE PACE SLACKENS UNDER THE ONSLAUGHT OF SUMMER,ART EXHIBITIONS GRADUALLY PETER OUT INTO A TRICKLE.OUT OF TOWN ARTISTS USUALLY USE THIS OPPORTUNITY TO APPEAR IN THE CITY'S ART CIRCUIT,WITH SOME DISTINCTLY REGIONAL MANIFESTATIONS IN ART.IN THIS "SILLY SEASON",SUDHIR TAILANG'S EXHIBITION OF CARTOONS IS A WELCOME RELIEF.
MOUNTED AT DELHI'S SHRIDHARANI GALLERY,IT COVERS EIGHT YEARS OF TAILANG'S CARTOONING CAREER,BEGINNING WITH RAJIV GANDHI'S SHARP DECLINE IN PUBLIC LIFE,TO THE UNEXPECTED ASCENDANCE OF MR INDERRRR KUMAR GUJRAL TO PRIME MINISTERSHIP.UNIFORMLY DRAWN FROM HIS COLUMN--"HERE AND NOW",THESE 100 CARTOONS HAVE BEEN SELECTED FROM A CORPUS OF ABOUT 3000 DRAWINGS,AND CENTRE ON THE SIX MAJOR POLITICAL PARTIES AND ALIGNMENTS IN THE COUNTRY DURING THIS EIGHT-YEAR PERIOD WHICH MAY WELL GO DOWN IN INDIAN HISTORY AS THE PERIOD OF CIRCUS ANTICS IN HIGH PLACES,WHEN THE DIVIDING LINE BETWEEN CARICATURE AND POLITICIAN BECAME VERY THIN."RAJIV'S DECLINE IN 1989 COINCIDED WITH MY RISE," SAYS TAILANG."IN FACT THE COMPLETE SCENARIO WAS THE BEST THING FOR A CARTOONIST,SINCE HE WAS THE BEST THING FOR A CARTOONIST.SINCE HE WAS COMPLETELY EMBROILED IN SCANDALS."RAJIV GANDHI ROCKING HAPLESSLY ON A TOY ROCKING HORSE IS TAILANG'S RECORD OF THE PRIME MINISTER'S INEFFECTUALITY'
RAJIV'S SUCCESSOR V.P.SINGH,WAS ANOTHER CARTOONIST'S FAVOURITE."V.P.SINGH WAS RULING THE ROOST,HE WAS RECEIVED AS A HERO,BUT HE ALSO CONTRIBUTED TO THE RISE OF SUDHIR TAILANG! THE CARTOONIST COMMENTS IRREPRESSIBLY.ONE OF TAILANG'S CARTOONS DEPICTS AN ASTROLOGER TELLING V.P.SINGH THAT SINGH HIMSELF IS THE FINEST ASTROLOGER.SINCE HE HIMSELF HAD PREDICTED THAT HE WOULD BE A DISASTER AS A PRIME MINISTER.
NARSIMHA RAO,WHO DELIGHTS TAILANG FOR HIS "FROG LIKE", VISAGE AND LONG PREGNANT SILENCES,IS THOROUGHLY CARICATURED,ESPECIALLY FOR HIS INORDINATELY LONG DELAY IN RESIGNING FROM THE PRESIDENTSHIP OF THE CONGRESS PARTY,EQUALLY,ADVANI'S RATH YATRA IN WHICH HE FANCIES HIMSELF AS A MODERN DAY RAM,LALOO PRASAD YADAV AND THE FODDER SCAM,DEVE GOWDA'S SNOOZE INTERSPERSED PUBLIC APPEARANCE ARE ALL GRIST FOR TAILANG'S MILL.SELF CONFESSEDLY,HE IS STILL WORKING ON GUJRAL,LOOKING FOR AREAS OF WEAKNESS THAT MAY BE EXPLOITED.
AS A CARTOONIST TAILANG FOLLOWS BROADLY IN THE TRADITION OF SHANKER PILLAI AND LAXMAN WHOSE INTENTION IS TO EVOKE A COMIC RATHER THAN A SATIRIC RESPONSE.HIS AREA OF INTEREST IS ALMOST COMPLETELY POLITICAL,ALTHOUGH SOCIAL CULPABILITY PREJUDICE AND SUPERSTITION ALSO COME IN FOR OCCASIONAL ATTACK.HIS RESPONSE TO THE HUGE PUBLIC BELIEF IN GANESHA'S MILK-DRINKING MIRACLE IS TO SHOW THE ELEPHANT HEADED GOD DRINKING STRAIGHT FROM A MOTHER DAIRY MILK TANKER.HERE THE HAPLESS ATTENDENT COMES AND SAYS THAT THE MILK IS FINISHED,BUT THERE IS STILL SOME ICE-CREAMS!! PUBLIC RESPONSE IS NOT UNIFORMLY APPRECIATIVE,AFTER THIS GANESHA CARTOON WAS PUBLISHED,HE RECEIVED ABOUT THREE HUNDRED PHONE CALLS,MOST OF THEM THREATENING.
TAILANG SAYS THAT HE MAKES A THOROUGH STUDY OF HIS SUBJECTS-----THROUGH TELEVISION,PUBLIC MEETINGS AND RALLIES---AND RECORDS QUIRKS OF SPEECH AND BEHAVIOUR.WITH THE PASSAGE OF TIME,HE FEELS THAT TASK OF THE CARTOONIST IS BECOMING HARDER,NOTWITHSTANDING THE CONSTANT ENTERTAINMENT ON THE POLITICAL STAGE."EARLIER THERE WAS A DIVIDING LINE BETWEEN THE POLITICIAN AND A CARICATURE: NOW THAT LINE IS SLOWLY DISAPPEARING.""RATHER THAN GIVING US TIME TO DISTORT THEM,THEY THEMSELVES ARE DISTORTED." TAILANG ALSO STRIKES A DIFFERENT STANCE HERE BY PUTTING HIS CARTOONS UP FOR SALE, PERHAPS BEING THE FIRST CARTOONIST TO PUT UP HIS WORK AS A SALEBLE ART FORM. |
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Blog no. III |
III
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saurabhchoudhary1234@gmail.com | 2 | Reply | Reply 2 |
CARTOONISTS HAVE RIGHT TO FREE SPEECH....TOBY YOUNG |
Vibha Tailang 29 Mar 2020 Reading Time 4 minutes
Courtesy --THE ASIAN AGE (newspaper) (BY ARRANGEMENT WITH THE SPECTATOR)
I AM NO FAN OF STEVE BELL,THE GUARDIAN CARTOONIST I CAN’T SAY I’VE EVER LAUGHED AT ONE OF HIS SQUIBS,WHICH ARE WITLESS AND CRUDE.SOME WOULD CALL HIM “FEARLESS”,BUT HE JUST SEEMS CRUEL AND OVER THE TOP TO ME.WHEN THE GUARDIAN FINALLY PUTS HIM OUT TO GRASS,WHICH SURELY WON’T BE LONG,BE WILL DISAPPEAR INTO THE INKWELL OF HISTORY.BUT HAVING SAID ALL THAT,I WOULD DEFEND TO THE DEATH HIS I WOULD DEFEND TO THE DEATH HIS RIGHT TO PRODUCE HIS TASTELESS CARTOONS,AS WELL AS THE RIGHT OF HIS NEWSPAPER TO PUBLISH THEM.
LAST WEEK,THE GUARDIAN PRINTED A STEVE BELL CARICATURE OF PRITI PATEL SITTING NEXT TO BORIS IN THE HOUSE OF COMMONS THAT WAS WIDELY CONDEMNED AS “RACIST”.THE REASON?HE DEPICTED HER WITH HORNS ON HER HEAD AND A RING THROUGH HER NOSE,WHICH MANY SAW AS A DEROGATORY REFERENCE TO HER INDIAN HERITAGE, “THIS CARTOON IS OFFENSIVE ON EVERY LEVEL,”TWEETED THE BRITISH TAMIL CONSERVATIVES.”IT’S ANTI HINDU.IT POTRAYS THE HOME SECRETARY,OF HINDU ORIGIN,AS A COW.A SACRED SYMBOL FOR HINDUS.IT’S A RACIST AND MISOGYNIST.IT’S PLAINLY UNACCEPTABLE! IT MAY CONSTITUTE A HATE CRIME.”
THAT’S COMPLETE NONSENSE,I’M AFRAID.THE TAMILS,ALONG WITH THOUSANDS OF OTHER CONSERVATIVES WHO CLAIMED TO BE OUTRAGED BY BELL’S CARTOON,ARE DOING EXACTLY WHAT THE LEFT HAS BEEN DOING FOR THE PAST 25 YEARS,NAMELY INTERPRETING SOMETHING IN THE WORST POSSIBLE LIGHT SO THEY CAN PRETEND TO BE OFFENDED.
THE FACT IS,BELL IS NOT PORTRAYING PRITI PATEL AS A COW,LET ALONE A SACRED ONEE,BUT AS A BULL.AFTER ALL,BULLS HAVE RINGS THROUGH THEIR NOSES,COWS DO NOT.IF YOU’RE IN ANY DOUBT,GOOGLE “SACRED COWS”,ADMITTEDLY,THERE ARE SUCH THINGS AS SACRED BULLS IN HINDU CULTURE,BUT WAS THAT REALLY BELL’S INTENDED REFERENCE? DRAWING THE HOME SECRETARY AS A BULL MAKES SENSE,GIVEN THE ALLGATIONS MADE AGAINST HER BY MEMBERS OF THE CIVIL SERVICE,MOST OF WHICH BOIL DOWN TO SAYING SHE’S AGGRESIVE AND CONFRONTATIONAL.INCEDENTALLY,I DON’T THINK SHE SHOULD BE REMOTELY ASHAMED OF THAT.IF I WERE HER I’D BUY THE CARTOON AND GIVE IT PRIDE OF PLACE IN MY DOWNSTAIRS LOO.
BUT LET’S SUPPOSE BELL’S CRITICS ARE RIGHT AND HE IS TRYING TO DEPICT,PATEL AS A SACRED COW,SO WHAT? YES,MANY HINDUS WOULD FIND THAT OFFENSIVE,BUT THAT’S THE PRICE YOU PAY FOR LIVING IN A FREE,SOCIETY.I’M PAY FOR LIVING IN A FREE,SOCIETY.I’M SURE TENS OF MILLIONS OF CHRISTIANS FOUND LIFE OF BRIAN OFFENSIVE,BUT THAT’S NOT A REASON TO PILLORY ITS CREATORS OR DISTRIBUTORS.EFFECTIVE SATIRE IS OFTEN EXTREMELY OFFENSIVE,INDEED,IT’S HARD TO IMAGINE A TRULY MEMORABLE PIECE OF SATIRE THAT ISN’T.AS JOHN CLEESE ONCE SAID: “NO ONE HAS THE RIGHT NOT TO BE OFFENDED”.
SOME OF THOSE EXPRESSING DISGUST AT BELL’S CARTOON HAVE POINTED OUT THAT THE TRIBUNES OF THE PROGRESSIVE LEFT WOULD BE ABSOLUTELY UP IN ARMS.IF A CARTOONIST FOR A RIGHT-OF-CENTRE PAPER DEPICTED DIANE ABBOTT OR DAWN BUTLER IN AN EQUALLY UNFLATTERING WAY,INCLUDING THE GUARDIAN.NO DOUBT THAT’S TRUE,BUT THE CORRECT RESPONSE IN THE FACE OF SUCH FAUX OUTRAGE IS TO REJECT IT OUT OF HAND,NOT TO EMBRACE THIS CENSORIOUS APPROACH AND APPLY IT TO OUR POLITICAL OPPONENTS.
IF WE ACCEPT THAT SOME JOKES OR CARTOONS SHOULD BE RULED OUT OF BOUNDS BECAUSE SOMEONE,SOME WHERE MIGHT FIND THEM OFFENSIVE,THEN THE OTHER SIDE HAS WON.WHEN FACED WITH AN “UNACCEPTABLE” CARICATURE OF ONE OF THEIR OWN,CONSERVATIVES SHOULD DEFEND THE CARTOONIST’S RIGHT TO FREE SPEECH AND TELL ANYONE ON THEIR SIDE WHO CLAIMS TO BE UPSET BY IT TO GROW A THICKER SKIN.STEVE BELL’S CARTOON IS NO MORE A “HATE CRIME” THAT AMBER RUDD’S SPEECH ON IMMIGRATION WAS AT THE 2017 TORY PARTY CONFERENCE.
NO,THE POINT WORTH MAKING IS THE OPPOSITE ONE: TO ATTACK THE GUARDIAN FOR NOT STANDING UP FOR FREE SPEECH.IN THE WEEK FOLLOWING THE LAUNCH OF THE FREE SPEECH UNION --THE MEMBERSHIP ORGANISATION I’VE HELPED SET UP TO DEFEND FREE SPEECH---THE GUARDIAN PUBLISHED A PIECE ATTACKING IT(AND ME) EVERY DAY.ACCORDING TO THEIR COLUMNISTS,IT’S A POLITICAL CAUSE THAT ONLY BENEFITS MALE,PALE AND STALE CONSERVATIVES AND THEREFORE ISN’T WORTH DEFENDING.
TURNS OUT,THE SPEECH RIGHTS OF MALE,PALE,AND STALE SOCIALISTS ARE ALSO AT RISK.WE DON’T GENERALLY DO CORPORATE MEMBERSHIPS AT THE FSU,BUT I’M WILLING TO MAKE AN EXECPTION FOR THE GUARDIAN.I’VE A FEELING ITS JOURNALISTS ARE GOING TO NEED OUR PROTECTION AS THE LEFT TURNS ON ITSELF AND BEGINS TO PURGE THE IDEOLOGICALLY IMPURE.
BY ARRANGEMENT WITH THE SPECTATOR FROM THE ASIAN AGE NEWSPAPER.
PRESENTATION
VIBHA TAILANG..(19/3/20) |
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saurabhchoudhary1234@gmail.com | Very right comment. |
Blog 5 |
XQT 13311th FIVE YEAR PLANEDUCATION IN 11th FIVE YEAR PLANEDUCATION IN 11th FIVE YEAR PLANEDUCATION IN 11th FIVE YEAR PLANEDUCATION IN 11th FIVE YEAR PLANEDUCATION IN 11th FIVE YEAR PLANEDUCATION IN 11th FIVE YEAR PLANEDUCATION IN 11th FIVE YEAR PLANEDUCATION IN 11th FIVE YEAR PLANEDUCATION IN 11th FIVE YEAR PLANEDUCATION IN 11th FIVE YEAR PLANEDUCATION IN 11th FIVE YEAR PLANEDUCATION IN 11th FIVE YEAR PLANEDUCATION IN 11th FIVE YEAR PLANEDUCATION IN 11th FIVE YEAR PLANEDUCATION IN 11th FIVE YEAR PLANEDUCATION IN 11th FIVE YEAR PLANEDUCATION IN 11th FIVE YEAR PLANEDUCATION IN 11th FIVE YEAR PLANEDUCATION IN 11th FIVE YEAR PLANEDUCATION IN 11th FIVE YEAR PLANEDUCATION IN 11th FIVE YEAR PLANEDUCATION IN 11th FIVE YEAR PLANEDUCATION IN 11th FIVE YEAR PLANEDUCATION IN 11th FIVE YEAR PLANEDUCATION IN 11th FIVE YEAR PLANEDUCATION IN 11th FIVE YEAR PLANEDUCATION IN 11th FIVE YEAR PLANEDUCATION IN 11th FIVE YEAR PLANEDUCATION IN 11th FIVE YEAR 11th FIVE YEAR PLANEDUCATION IN 11th FIVE YEAR 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The cartoons world is also not untouched by the anarchy |
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saurabhchoudhary1234@gmail.com | 55 |
An atmosphere of communal intolerance currently in India |
Today’s news headlines informed us that Mr. Ratan Tata, in a speech in Gwalior, in the presence of Jyotiraditya Scindia, expressed concern over the alleged growing intolerance in the country, dubbing it “a curse we are seeing of late.” What prompted him to say these words? Since it is coming from an impeccable source of uncompromising integrity one cannot ignore or brush it under the carpet. One must respect and ponder over why he is feeling that way. Ignoring the warning can be only at one’s own peril.
India has been under attack from Pakistan for many years now. All these years, the Indian response has been to put up a brave face to control the damage and slowly but surely put out the memory of the events, manage the outfall and move on. Making some noises at the UN followed by many seminars, conferences, back channel talks and other such efforts to once again establish a semblance of friendship. There was nothing wrong with this approach. It was by and large dictated by our thousand years of slavery under various foreign rulers. It is to the credit of the Indian that he never sees anyone as an outsider, but only another fellow human being on his journey through this earth, to attain nirvana or moksha. |
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The new anarchy - Globalisation and Fragmentation in World Politics |
Modern International Relations theory has consistently underestimated the depth of the problem of anarchy in world politics. Contemporary theories of globalisation bring this into bold relief. From this perspective, the complexity of transboundary networks and hierarchies, economic sectors, ethnic and religious ties, civil and cross-border wars, and internally disaggregated and transnationally connected state actors, leads to a complex and multidimensional restructuring of the global, the local and the uneven connections in between. We ought to abandon the idea of ‘high’ and ‘low’ politics, ‘inside’ and ‘outside’ once and for all. This does not remove the problem of anarchy but rather deepens it, involving multidimensional tensions and contradictions variously described as ‘functional differentiation’, ‘multiscalarity’, ‘fragmegration’, disparate ‘landscapes’, the ‘new security dilemma’ and ‘neomedievalism’. Approaching anarchy from the perspective of plural competing claims to authority and power forces us to think again about the nature of global order and the virtues of anarchy therein. Will the long-term outcome be the emergence of a more decentralised, pluralistic world order or a quagmire of endemic conflict and anomie?
The modern nation-state is supposed to bring together four fundamental features that lie at the heart of political philosophy, more generally: political cohesion, including underlying bonds of social identity and loyalty; structural differentiation, where the state is seen as an institutional structure distinct from others in society and economy; institutional ‘relative autonomy’ and the legitimate authority of the state itself (Weber, 1958) and, especially, multifunctionality. These combine in a single, ideal-type institutional structure characterised as ‘sovereign’ (Krasner, 1999). States, especially modern nation-states, have been described as ‘arenas of collective action’ domestically and effective unit actors able to make ‘credible commitments’ internationally (Spruyt, 1994). This perception has led, in particular, to what has been called the ‘levels of analysis distinction’ (Hollis and Smith, 1990), with the state as the axis combining levels in a ‘two level game’ (Putnam, 1988), an image of world politics in which anarchy exists at the third, highest level of politics, which lacks that which the state has: government. |
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